Golf Balls -- The Science Behind The Dimples

The dynamics behind the flight of the golf ballpredominant in modern golf nowadays.
offers a fascinating insight into the physicalThe dimples on the golf balls help reduce the
interworkings of air pressure, turbulence, andaerodynamic drag. Aerodynamic drag normally
aerodynamics.affects smooth golf balls and slows them down,
When golf was first played in Scotland, mostbecause when they sail through the air, they
players played using clumsy golf apparatus, withleave a pocket of low-pressure air in its stir thus
the first golf clubs and golf balls made of wood.creating a drag.
In 1618 the "Featherie" was introduced. It was aBy applying dimples to the golf ball surface, the
golf ball made of feather. This feather golf ballpressure differential goes down and the drag
was handcrafted from goose feathers tightlyforce is reduced. These dimples create turbulence
pressed into a horse or cowhide sphere while stillin the air surrounding the golf ball, which, in turn,
wet. After drying, the leather shrank and theforces the air to clasp the golf ball more closely.
feathers expanded, creating a hardened golf ball.By doing so, the air trails the warp created by the
As this type of golf ball was specially handcrafted,golf ball towards the back instead of flowing past
it was usually more expensive than golf clubs, soit. This results in a smaller wake and lesser drag.
that only a few privileged people could afford toDimples were first added onto golf ball surfaces
play golf back then.back during the gutta percha phase. Coburn
After the Featherie golf ball came the Guttie golfHaskell introduced the one-piece rubber cored golf
ball. This type of golf ball was made from theball encased in a gutta percha sphere. Then in
rubber-like sap of the Gutta tree found in the1905 William Taylor applied the dimple pattern to a
tropics, and was shaped into a sphere when hotHaskell golf ball, thus giving rise to the modern golf
and eventually into a golf ball. As it was made ofball as we know it today.
rubber, the Guttie golf ball could be cheaplyAfter its beginning, dimpled golf balls were officially
produced and easily repaired by reheating andused in every golf tournament. In 1921, the golf
reshaping.ball took its current form with standard size and
Comparing the two types of golf balls, theweight. Nowadays there is a wide range of golf
Featherie golf ball was said to travel farther thanballs to fit every style, game and condition, with
the Guttie golf ball because the Guttie golf ball'ssome golf balls offering control, and other golf
smooth surface prevented it from covering moreballs offering distance.
distance.Though a common sight nowadays, the dimpled
With this discovery, the developers of golf ballsgolf ball is not just a mere element of the sports
came up with the "dimpled" golf balls that are soarena; it is a showcase of physics at work.